Chunk #63 — II. G × E Interaction in Aggressive Behavior — A. Potential moderators of genetic influence found in adoption and twin studies — 1. Family adversity and social disadvantage
in the less advantaged neighborhoods (boys, 69%; girls, 16%) compared to better-off neighborhoods (boys, 13%; girls, 6%). Following the “social push hypothesis,” Raine (2002) would suggest that the genetic factors on antisocial and aggressive behavior are more expressed in a socioeconomically advantaged environment where the environmental risk factors are absent. On the contrary, genetic factors for antisocial behavior will be weaker and the shared environment more important in a socioeconomically disadvantaged environment because the environmental risk factors will “camouflage” the genetic contribution (Tuvblad et al., 2006).
