reduce vulnerability to overwhelming emotions; mindfulness-based practices are used to increase awareness of triggers and consequences of substance use in a flexible and non-reactive manner; and living a valued and meaningful life is emphasized above a focus on reducing/eliminating addictive behaviors (Stotts & Northrup, 2015). While the evidence supporting the efficacy of these approaches toward treating alcohol and drug use is still emerging and not included in the meta-analyses described above (for reviews see: Dimeff & Linehan, 2008; Lee, An, Levin, & Twohig, 2015; Li, Howard, Garland, McGovern, & Lazar, 2017), they do appear to be promising enhancements to traditional CBT.
