The distribution of P-values is similar to chance expectation (Figure 1), with a genomic control λ value of 1.022. Figure 1 also summarizes association findings by chromosomal location. The top 25 findings are listed in Table 4, and all results with P < 0.001 in any analysis are provided online in stard_supplementary_data.txt. There were no genome-wide significant findings. Our top finding (rs12462886, P = 1.73 × 10−6) is located in a gene desert in 19q12. Brain-expressed genes tagged by the top 100 SNPs include: LPHN2, SRD5A2, DYSF, RPRM, CCDC109B, CTNND2, MSR1, SLC18A1, ANKRD46, CSMD3, SLC5A12, MARK2, RCOR2, KCTD14, SYN3, NLGN4X and FGF13. None of the genes had strong signals in more than one linkage disequilibrium (LD) block, but in several instances there were clusters of SNPs with strong signals within an LD block, which is evidence against genotyping error. For sex-specific analyses, signals (among the top 100 for either sex) in genes of known neurobiological function or expressed in brain include: in males, SNPs in CTNND2, GRIA1, SLC18A1, PLEKHA7, ERBB2IP, KIFAP3, CLTCL1,THRB, and SYN3; and in females, SNPs in CSMD3, CACNA2D4, SV2B, and NRXN3.
