for each trait and under each of three scenarios, we compute a Pearson correlation between the estimated effect sizes, while further stratifying loci on 17 EUR P values (1, 0.3, 0.1, 0.03, 0.01, 3 × 10−3, 1 × 10−3, 3 × 10−4, 1 × 10−4, 3 × 10−5, 1 × 10−5, 3 × 10−6, 1 × 10−6, 3 × 10−7, 1 × 10−7, 3 × 10−8, 1 × 10−8). For example, stratum with P = 0.1 includes all SNPs with EUR GWAS P < 0.1. Similarly, we computed the Pearson correlation of the EUR and EAS heterozygosity, defined as 2pq, where p is the reference allele frequency and q is the alternative allele frequency, using the same sets of variants as described above. Furthermore, we computed Fst, where large values indicate a reduction in heterozygosity, at each variant and average Fst for each set of variants at each P value threshold for each of 21 considered traits. To this end, we collected the alternative allele frequencies from 1000G for EUR (EURAF) and EAS (EASAF) populations and defined Fst as follows: Fst=(EURAF−EASAF)2/(2p¯(1−p¯)), where p¯ is the average between EURAF and EASAF.
