D3 knock-out mice also show intense withdrawal from ethanol (Narita, Soma, Tamaki, Narita, & Suzuki, 2002). In fact dopamine activation has been proposed to treat addictions in general, (Blum, Liu, Shriner, & Gold, 2011) and more specifically, as a therapeutic target to reduce craving and relapse in the “dopamine-impoverished addicted brain” (Diana, 2011). Our results, despite not achieving genomewide levels of statistical significance, are promising in that they support the results reported above.
