For analyses of the behavioral data, response latency (mean response time of correct responses) and percentages of correct responses were submitted to repeated measures ANOVA with condition (old, new), lag (short, long), and modality (visual, auditory) as within-subjects factors and group (controls, patients) as the between-subjects factor. As in our previous word recognition memory studies, the d′-like sensitivity measure dL (logistic distribution; cf. footnote 5 in Kayser et al., 1999) was calculated from hit and false alarm rates (Snodgrass and Corwin, 1988) and submitted to a similar ANOVA without the condition factor.