environment in a ‘for better and worse' manner, in which outcomes are enhanced under enriched environments and are poorest under risk environments. Importantly, this GxE pattern was consistently found in three independent samples, in which both parenting behaviors and positive affect were assessed via varying methods that measured similar underlying constructs. As such, the GxE was conceptually reproduced and provides evidence of the robustness of this effect that cannot be easily explained away by the use of specific, particular methods or measures.
