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Chunk #21 — Discussion

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Epidemiology of DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disorder: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III.
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Consistent with previous research, rates of AUD were greater among men than women.1,2,5,14 Age was inversely related to 12-month AUD, a finding also observed in earlier epidemiologic studies.1-5,14 Whether this result is owing to cohort effects, differential mortality, or recall bias merits further investigation. The 12-month rate of 7.1% for severe AUD among 18- to 29-year-old respondents is especially striking. The rate is consistent with the earlier age at onset of severe relative to mild or moderate AUD (23.9 vs 25.9 or 30.1 years, respectively) and increasing rates of heavy drinking in this age group. For example, among men, past-year drinking of at least 5, at least 8, and at least 10 drinks/d increased from 60.7%, 41.0%, and 33.9%, respectively, in the NESARC to 68.2%, 46.3%, and 38.0%, respectively, in the NESARC-III. In women, the increase was from 33.5%, 14.7%, and 8.7%, respectively, in the NESARC to 47.7%, 22.1%, and 14.2%, respectively, in the NESARC-III (R.B.G, unpublished data, February 2015). Thus, emerging adulthood is becoming an increasingly vulnerable period for AUD onset. Given the potential effect of young-adult AUD on