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Chunk #19 — 2. Method — 2.6 Measures

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Delta and kappa opioid receptor polymorphisms influence the effects of naltrexone on subjective responses to alcohol.
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During the in-person assessment session, participants completed a battery of individual difference measures including demographics and alcohol/drug use questionnaires. During the ethanol infusion, the following measures of subjective responses to alcohol and alcohol craving were administered at baseline and at each target BrAC (i.e., 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 g/dL): (a) The Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale (BAES) was used to assess feelings of alcohol-induced stimulation and sedation, with each subscale consisting of seven items answered on a 0–10 scale. The BAES has been shown to be reliable and valid in alcohol administration studies (Martin et al., 1993); and (b) The Alcohol urge questionnaire (AUQ) was used to assess for degree of alcohol craving (Bohn et al., 1995, MacKillop, 2006). The dependent variable was average score for all of the eight AUQ items (range 0–6).