Human fibroblast lines were obtained from unrelated individuals age 18 and older recruited from an outpatient bipolar disorder clinic at Massachusetts General Hospital. Diagnosis of bipolar I disorder was confirmed by structured clinical interview (SCID-I)32 conducted by a board-certified psychiatrist, which was supplemented by referring clinician report and medical records where available. Structured clinical interview (SCID-I) was completed to exclude any Axis I disorder other than nicotine abuse or dependence. All subjects signed written informed consent prior to study participation. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Massachusetts General Hospital.
