Between 2010 and 2019, cannabis use, risky use patterns, treatment rates and potency levels have increased in Europe. The combination of rising prevalence, risky use and potency levels suggest that, overall, THC exposure has increased in the European population. To fully understand the public health implications of the observed trends, the quality and reporting of available data should be improved and supplemented with additional data on high-risk cannabis use patterns and cannabis-attributable harm.