The same databases as for step 2 were searched, with the timeframe extending until January 2009. For disease outcomes where we conducted new meta-analyses, we examined all published evidence on the relationship between alcohol and the disease outcome. For this step, a priori exclusion criteria included any of the following: No measure of association between outcome and appropriate alcohol exposure;Less than three levels of alcohol consumption reported;Cross-sectional design;Duplicate data already identified in the search;Outcome data not specific to disease ICD codes;Inability to acquire data (e.g. unavailable thesis or dissertation).