1,000 permutations, resulting in an association p-value, for each SNP i and each permutation. was calculated for all genes in the genome, across the 1,000 DGI permutations. A gene p-value adjusted for confounding effects with permutation analysis, was then calculated for each gene g in the genome. is defined as the fraction of permutations whose is equal to or lower (more significant) than the observed DGI . We performed an additional 10,000 case/control permutations for SNPs within ±50 kb around genes with to increase resolution. Genes with were assigned .
