The majority of prior research has used observed variables at the same level of analysis as we have employed here (e.g., NEO-PI-R Extraversion Domain Scores as opposed to facets scores). However, past research has also overwhelmingly relied on an intermediary factor structure between the observed personality scales and the GFP’s single factor by having the basic input measures serve as indicators for higher-order factors identified in the literature (e.g., Alpha and Beta) which in turn serve as indicators for GFP. This practice is consistent with the idea that the GFP is a factor of factors. Therefore, a series of models were estimated based on prior GFP research specifying two intermediary factors.
