Prominent theories and research highlight the importance of social processes and social network characteristics as potent correlates of alcohol use and the relapse-recovery process (Bandura, 1997; Beattie and Longabaugh, 1999; Fals-Stewart et al., 2003; Groh et al., 2008; Laudet et al., 2002; Marlatt and Gordon, 1985; McCrady, 2004: Moos, 2007; Rosenquist et al, 2010; Witbrodt and Kaskutas, 2005). From a treatment perspective, assessing what patients do and with whom, are critical variables to consider in relapse prevention planning. Treatment programs typically work with patients to help them identify and cope with high risk individuals, settings, and activities that may undermine recovery efforts. Programs also make targeted referrals to socially-based continuing care resources in the community, such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or Narcotics Anonymous (NA) (Humphreys, 1997; Laudet and White, 2005; Fenster, 2006; Kelly and Yeterian, 2008) to enhance protective influences post discharge. Such organizations can provide access to dense social networks comprised of abstinent role models that encourage sober and rewarding activities (Alcoholics Anonymous, 1957; Litt et al, 2009; Moos, 2007).
