probable that causality can be established (Nica and Dermitzakis, 2013). Among the enriched eQTL sets in the nucleus accumbens of human alcoholics, the most significant GWAS signals included the lncRNA PKI55 (Mamdani et al., 2015). This suggests a causal relationship between lncRNA expression and AUD, further establishing a role for these ncRNAs in the regulation of gene expression and disease states such as AUD.
