the array-based genotypes (Supplementary Notes, Supplementary Table 1.7 and Supplementary Fig. 1.10). These dispersed duplications appear randomly distributed among chromosomes. Some of the dispersed duplications can be confidently ascribed to retrotransposition using the signatures described earlier, but other mechanisms may also generate dispersed duplications. Interestingly, a subset of these retrotransposition events does not comprise retroposed repeat elements or known RNA transcripts, some but not all of which seem likely to result from L1 transduction35.