Epigenomic data from the Roadmap Epigenomics project (11) for the following data sets were included: ChromHMM states corresponding to enhancer or promoter elements, from the 15-state core model and 25-state model incorporating imputed data (21); histone modification ChIP-seq peaks using the gappedPeak algorithm for H3K27ac, H3K9ac, H3K9me1 and H3K9me3; and DNase hypersensitivity data peaks using the narrowPeak algorithm.