for earlier drinking milestones (for example, AO-I) and for measures that are quantitative indices of problem drinking (for example, AD-SX). In OZ-ALC, AO-I and AO-R, as well as AD-SX and Maxdrinks may serve as proxies for genetic liability to problematic drinking, while in COGA and SAGE this liability may be appropriately captured by AO-AD itself. Even so, the statistical significance of the associations and the proportions of variance explained in OZ-ALC are markedly lower than those in SAGE. Nonetheless, as OZ-ALC is so markedly distinct from COGA and SAGE, any level of association between COGA GRS and alcohol-related measures in OZ-ALC may be considered as support for the generalizability of the COGA results.
