It is worth noting some key results for dietary risks as well. In 2016, suboptimal diet was the second-leading risk factor for deaths and DALYs globally, accounting for 18·8% (16·0–21·7) of all deaths and 9·6% (8·2–11·1) of all DALYs. Comparing men and women, suboptimal diet accounts for the greatest percentage of total deaths in men (19·0% [16·3–21·8]) and the second largest in women (18·6% [15·7–21·7]). Meanwhile, suboptimal diet accounts for the second-largest percent of total DALYs in both men (10·6% [9·1–12·2]) and women (8·4% [7·0–9·9]). More than 50% of deaths (51·5% [44·2–59·2]) and DALYs (54·1% [47·1–61·5]) attributable to suboptimal diet were due to cardiovascular diseases. Among the individual dietary risks, a diet low in whole grains accounted for the largest number of deaths (4·6% [3·0–6·4]), followed by a diet low in fruits (4·3% [2·7–6·3]) and a diet high in sodium (4·2% [1·2–8·3]). Leading dietary risks for DALYs were low intakes of whole grains (2·6% [1·8–3·6]), fruits (2·6% [1·6–3·7]), and nuts and seeds (2·1% [1·4–2·8]). The greatest increase in attributable deaths and DALYs between 1990 and 2016 occurred for a diet high in red meat, followed by a diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages and a diet low in milk, respectively.
