therapeutics would be appropriate. A number of excellent reviews have recently appeared that have discussed pluripotent cell-based in vitro models of neural disease (Marchetto et al., 2011; Merkle and Eggan, 2013) and CNS drug development (Sandoe and Eggan, 2013), as have broader reviews on the use of pluripotent cell derivatives in regenerative medicine (Fox et al., 2014; Steinbeck and Studer, 2015; Tabar and Studer, 2014). In contrast, this Perspective will focus solely on using CNS cells to treat CNS disease, and on defining when this approach makes the most sense, and when it does not.