(i.e., consistent SNP effects across populations) is accurate. These methods are thus less adaptive to a wide range of cross-population genetic architectures compared with PRS-CSx or the “mult” methods. That said, many existing studies have only released summary statistics from cross-population meta-analysis, in which case applying single-discovery methods to the meta-GWAS remains useful approaches in practice. We believe that releasing ancestry-specific summary statistics from multi-ancestry genomic studies is critical for understanding comparative genetic architectures between populations, and for flexible and accurate cross-population polygenic modeling and prediction.
