2009; Paterniti et al., 2010; Meng et al., 2011; Sauerbeck et al., 2011; Thal et al., 2011; Villapol et al., 2012). Neuropathology was exacerbated after CNS injury in mice deficient in PPARα, suggesting that endogenous PPAR ligands may limit neuropathology (Genovese et al., 2005). PPARα activation facilitated recovery after TBI, but surprisingly had no effect or worsened recovery after SCI (Besson et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2007, 2008; Almad et al., 2011) suggesting that PPAR activation may not be uniformly beneficial.
