activated during sexual arousal (Stoleru et al., 1999), and may be involved in addictive cravings and urges (Naqvi, Rudrauf, Damasio, & Bechara, 2007); these findings suggest an association with appetitive behavior. In the present study, peak activation in the right insula occurred fairly early (around 2.5 s after image presentation; see Fig. 1d), and this early latency is consistent with the proposal that the insula may provide a direct and somewhat immediate representation of autonomic states.
