Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI) is a reliable 22-item scale designed to assess problematic drinking (White and Labouvie, 1989). The RAPI contains items assessing dependence, withdrawal, blackouts, neglect of responsibilities in several domains, shame and/or embarrassment to self or others, and inappropriate behaviors such as fighting. Individuals indicated how often each consequence of alcohol use had happened in the past 12 months using the following 5 response options: (1) Never/I don’t use alcohol, (2) Rarely, (3) Sometimes, or (4) Quite often. For subjects who answered at least 18 of the 22 items, we calculated a RAPI severity score by taking the average response (1 to 4) across the number of items answered.
