Links between the dimensions and later full ODD diagnosis were also very similar for the two dimensions. The headstrong dimension did, however, predict later substance disorder significantly more strongly than irritability (which had an OR below 1 in relation to substance disorder risk). We ran a further model including Wave 1 CD diagnosis as an additional predictor of substance disorder: headstrong symptoms remained highly significant predictors even with prior CD controlled (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.7; p=.004) and CD diagnosis was non-significant (OR=1.3, 95% CI: .6, 2.7; p=.484). An opposite pattern emerged in relation to anxiety: irritability predicted risk for later anxiety diagnoses while headstrongness did not. Depression was significantly predicted by headstrongness; prediction from irritability fell short of significance, but comparisons between the two dimensions were non-significant.
