The literature relating the FFM to the DSM personality disorders were concerned with determining the existence and extent of correlation between the FFM variables and the 10 personality disorders. For this reason, there would not seem to be an inherent publication bias against any particular values and a tolerance analysis to assess for the possible presence of a “file drawer” problem was not conducted. However, because Saulsman and Page (2004) did note moderating effects within their meta-analysis, homogeneity of the effect sizes was analyzed using the Q statistic (Lipsey & Wilson, 2001). In order to determine if the effect sizes varied among samples at a rate greater than would be expected by chance, this procedure was conducted for each PD by FFM facet relationship. Because this involved calculating the Q statistic for 300 relationships, alpha was conservatively set at .001 in order to avoid type I error.
