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Chunk #38 — Discussion — Implications for research and practice

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The epidemiology of traumatic event exposure worldwide: results from the World Mental Health Survey Consortium.
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That TE exposure is very common provides further evidence that experiencing a TE is not outside the normal range of human experience. This leads to several important questions for further research such as which TEs or combination of TEs are most likely to have deleterious consequences on mental and physical health. Most importantly, further research is needed to understand the mechanisms that account for the associations of prior TEs with subsequent TEs in order to determine what, if any, interventions might help prevent revictimization. In terms of preventing exposure, our findings show that five events account for the largest burden of TE exposure and thus targeting these may contribute to greater reduction in overall exposure. Given that there are differing strengths in association between types of TE and risk for subsequent exposure, targeting TE types which have greater risk for contributing to re-exposure may also be beneficial to reduce burden. Early family-based interventions may be the most helpful given that interpersonal violence, comprised mostly of childhood events, had the strongest risk for experiencing subsequent TEs.