A number of our findings, notably the strong association between ASPD and other Axis I externalizing disorders, also are consistent with the literature. As with the study by Jahng and colleagues (2011), our study further indicates significant associations between the externalizing factor and other Cluster B PDs (i.e., histrionic, borderline, and narcissistic PDs), though the association is significantly weaker for narcissistic relative to the other Cluster B PDs. The associations with the externalizing-internalizing factors among PDs other than ASPD are similar across models whether or not ASPD is an indicator of the externalizing factor. While there are significant factor loadings for Cluster B PDs on the externalizing factor in the CFA (Figure 1) for the combined Axis I disorders and PDs, they are significantly lower when compared to ASPD. The factor loadings for internalizing fear, however, are substantially higher for paranoid, schizoid, histrionic, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive PDs and moderately high for schizotypal, borderline, and narcissistic PDs.
