Rodan & Rothenfluh, 2010). Interestingly, flies harboring putative alleles of ethanol responsive genes (Kong et al., 2009, Morozova et al., 2006) or genes that are differentially expressed in flies artificially selected for ethanol sensitivity (Morozova et al., 2007) exhibit altered ethanol-related behaviors. Thus, ethanol-responsive genes (genes that change expression in response to ethanol) or genes with expression levels that correlate with ethanol phenotypes are excellent candidate loci for influencing behavioral responses to the drug. Understandably, the vast majority of published studies have investigated the role of a gene or pathway of interest in a single species only, although there are several notable exceptions (Corl et al., 2009, Kapfhamer et al., 2008, Lasek et al., 2011a, Lasek et al., 2011b, Schumann et al., 2011). The general lack of cross-species studies, however, leaves unresolved whether many genes that influence ethanol-related behavior in one species have effects in others.
