Analysis of the upstream untranslated region for CTRP3 identified a number of putative consensus sequences for transcription factor regulation of CTRP3 expression. The proximal region of the CTRP3 promoter is highly conserved between rodent and human (28), indicating that there are conserved functional regulation sites. These predicted regulatory sites include loci for the following transcription factors: specificity protein 1 (SP-1); Activator protein 1 (AP-1); Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR); Fos proto-oncogene (c-FOS); POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1 (Pit-1a); CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins-alpha/beta (C/EBP-α/β); myogenic differentiation (MyoD); c-JUN; transcription factor II D – “TATAA” box (TY-IID); cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB); GATA-binding factor 1 (GATA-1); sex-determining region Y (SRY); SRY-related HMG-box 5 (Sox-5); similar tomyelocytomatosis viral oncogene (c-Myc); and Retinoid X receptor (RXR) (53-55). However, to date, only a few transcription factors have been demonstrated to regulate CTRP3 expression experimentally: c-FOS, SP-1, c-JUN, and PPAR-gamma.
