Signac package and to expand the suite of computational methods implemented. A major challenge currently facing biology is understanding how the genome encodes the organism56. Developing a deep understanding of how genes are regulated by noncoding DNA elements would greatly improve our ability to predict the effect of mutations and to predict the target genes for trait-associated noncoding loci. A joint analysis of multimodal single-cell chromatin and gene expression data hold greats promise in furthering these goals and the analytical framework presented here will be a valuable component in deciphering these gene regulatory relationships.