AUD. These questions are in the early stages of investigation and are key to dissecting neuroimmune signaling in alcohol-related behaviors and developing targeted treatments. Newer tools, including cell-type specific depletion drugs (Walter and Crews, 2017), brain-region specific viral manipulations (Scofield et al., 2015), cell-specific transgenic mice (Bray et al., 2017), and Cre driver lines (Lewitus et al., 2016) are beginning to enable the research advances required to yield new neuroimmune-based treatments for AUD.