To select parameter values for the prior, we use the estimates of rg reported in Supplementary Table 1, and we estimate the parameters π, τ12, and τ22 from GWAS summary statistics using a maximum likelihood procedure. For this procedure, we make the standard assumption10,40 that the variance of a SNP’s effect size is inversely proportional to the variance of its genotype, 2×MAF×(1−MAF).