Prediction to the intercepts of alcohol use and volume were similar for the high school model as for the middle school model. Because of the use of four time points for the high school model (Grades 9 through 12), however, change scores from one assessment period to the next were used to predict alcohol use and volume at Grades 10, 11, and 12. Two of the predictors, antisocial behavior/deviant associations and depressive symptoms, were assessed in all 4 years of high school; thus, change scores from Grades 9 to 10, 10 to 11, and 11 to 12 were calculated as predictors. For parental monitoring, parental alcohol use, and peer alcohol use, change scores from Grade 8 to 10 were used to predict the dependent variables at Grades 10 and 11, and change scores from Grades 10 to 12 were used to predict the dependent variables at Grade 12. This design, although a little complex, made the best use of the multiple assessments to test the hypotheses regarding prediction to growth.
