of 50 μm; (2) dendritic segments had to be either parallel or at acute angles to the coronal surface of the section; and (3) segments did not overlap other segments that would obscure visualization of spines (Radley et al., 2006; Radley et al., 2008). Confocal stacks were then deconvolved using an iterative blind deconvolution algorithm (AutoDeblur version 8.0.2; MediaCybernetics, Bethesda, MD, USA). This step is necessary because in the raw image, the image spread in the z-plane would limit the precise interpretation of 3D spine morphology.