All participants agreed to share their DNA and phenotypic information for research purposes and provided written informed consent following instructions from institutional review boards at all data collection sites. The study was approved by the institutional review board at each COGA site, with the OHRP Assurance Numbers being: FWA00003624 (SUNY Research Foundation), FWA00007125 (University of Connecticut), FWA00003544 (Indiana University), FWA00003007 (University of Iowa), FWA00004069 (Veterans Medical Research Foundation/UCSD), FWA00002284 (Washington University), FWA00003518 (Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research), FWA00003913 (Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey) and FWA00005287 (Virginia Commonwealth University).
