acute alcohol response phenotypes in invertebrate model organisms very strongly predicts that variation in that gene will be implicated in human AD (Grotewiel and Bettinger, 2015). This empirically observed relationship between genes affecting acute alcohol responses in model organisms and AD in humans strongly suggests that at least some shared molecular mechanisms influence physiological responses to the drug and development of AD. That said, AD is frequently comorbid with antisocial behavior, creating difficulty teasing apart these phenotypes in human genetic analyses. Secondary analyses of log-transformed DSM-IV adult antisocial personality disorder symptom counts in the COGA AD case-control sample yielded a trend toward association with the gene set (p=0.098) despite this being a non-ideal test.
