Similar findings resulted from the African American analyses. Alcohol dependence does not demonstrate statistically significant independent association in these data (OR=1.12, p=0.37). Neither cocaine nor marijuana dependence are significantly associated with rs13273442, though the power to detect association is reduced due to the smaller number of individuals dependent on these substances (34.3%, (N=570) and 20.7%, (N=343), respectively). Furthermore, the direction of effect is not consistent across studies or populations.