As this review will highlight, the research community has placed particular focus on investigating the influence of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy on DNA methylation patterns, while work on the effects of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy on miRNA has been much less comprehensive. Investigations of specific associations between prenatal smoke exposure and histone modifications or imprinting have yet to be described in the literature, but others have cited these two modes of epigenetic regulation as important future considerations for investigation in the context of in utero smoke exposure (Swanson, Entringer, Buss, & Wadhwa, 2009).
