Cell Ranger ARC (cellranger-arc-2.0.0, http://support.10xgenomics.com/) was utilized to process the ATAC and gene expression FASTQ files derived from the single-cell multiome libraries. The reference refdata-cellranger-arc-GRCh38-2020-A-2.0.0 (10x Genomics) was used. The filtered gene-cell barcode matrices and fragment files were used for further analysis.