A review of gene identification strategies and initial findings in this area is accordingly timely. In this review we:Discuss findings from family-based linkage studies that have homed in on genomic regions that may harbor susceptibility genes for cannabis use disorders;Discuss studies of candidate genes that are specifically related to cannabis use disorders;Discuss studies of candidate genes that likely influence a number of substance use disorders, including cannabis use disorders;Present challenges and directions for future genetically informative research into cannabis use disorders;