Full compliance with the DSM-IV definition of trauma was assessed by asking the following questions of each of the 3 worst events: 1a) At the time, did you believe that you or someone else could be killed or seriously harmed?; 1b) At the time, were you seriously harmed or was anyone else killed or seriously harmed?; 2a) When this happened, did you experience feelings of intense helplessness?; 2b) Did you experience intense fear?; and 2c) At the time, did you feel horrified? In order to be a qualifying trauma, a “yes” response was required for either 1a or 1b (actual or threatened death or injury) and 2a, 2b, or 2c (a personal response of helplessness, fear, or horror).
