In examining available platforms, many of the differences that exist represent the inclusion or exclusion of rare alleles that may influence metabolizer status (e.g., CYP2D6*69, CYP2D6*36+*10) or more common alleles that may result in reduced or partial gene expression that contribute to IM status for which the clinical implications are not as easily defined. Additionally, testing services and platforms may provide results differently to patients and providers, and thus the “usability” of the results is an important consideration in how of if they may be used and interpreted correctly in the context of a specific patient’s disease states and medication regimen.