Excessive use and misuse of psychoactive substances is amongst the leading contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide [1]. Substance use disorders, as they are referred to in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) [2], index a highly maladaptive and impairing form of substance use. Previously referred to as abuse and dependence, the current definition of substance use disorders requires the endorsement of two or more of 11 diagnostic criteria [3••].
