Further gene-set analyses were performed restricted to genes targeted by drugs, assessing individual drugs and grouping drugs with similar actions. This approach has been described previously41. Gene-level and gene-set analyses were performed in MAGMA v1.0837. Gene boundaries were defined using build 37 reference data from the NCBI, available on the MAGMA website (https://ctg.cncr.nl/software/magma), extended 35 kb upstream and 10 kb downstream to include regulatory regions outside of the transcribed region. Gene-level association statistics were defined as the aggregate of the mean and the lowest variant-level P value within the gene boundary, converted to a Z-value. Gene sets were defined comprising the targets of each drug in the Drug-Gene Interaction database DGIdb v.239 and in the Psychoactive Drug Screening Database Ki DB40, both downloaded in June 201641. Analyses were performed using competitive gene-set analyses in MAGMA. Results from the drug-set analysis were then grouped according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical class of the drug41. Only drug classes with at least 10 valid drug gene sets within them were analyzed. Drug-class analysis was performed using enrichment curves. All drug gene sets were
