et al., 1998; Fernandez et al., 1999; Whatley et al.,1999; Ruf et al., 2004; Belknap and Atkins, 2001), ethanol-induced locomotor responses (Cunningham, 1995; Demarest et al., 1999), loss of righting reflex (Browman and Crabbe, 2000; Bennett et al., 2008), withdrawal following acute and chronic ethanol exposure (Crabbe et al, 1983, Buck et al., 1997, 2002, Crabbe, 1998), tolerance (Kirstein et al., 2002; Tabakoff et al., 2003), responses conditioned by ethanol injections (Cunningham, 1995; Risinger and Cunningham, 1998), and metabolism (Grisel et al., 2002). Using B6D2-derived populations, significant QTLs for ethanol preference and/or withdrawal have been confirmed on mouse chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 11, and 19. In some cases, the QTLs have been fine-mapped, e.g., using interval-specific congenic animals (Kozell et al., 2008, 2009; Fehr et al., 2002; Shirley et al., 2004). These congenic models possess a short interval of DNA surrounding (or flanking) the QTL that has been introduced from a donor strain onto the distinct genetic background of a recipient background strain. Narrowing the QTL interval to a small region (~1-2 Mb) also substantially reduces the number of potential candidate genes remaining within the finely mapped interval. A data base is available that summarizes these alcohol related
