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Chunk #3 — Introduction

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A genome wide association study of fast beta EEG in families of European ancestry.
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Previous studies report differences in the magnitude of beta EEG among individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD) and related problems (Bauer, 2001; Begleiter and Porjesz, 1999; Gilmore et al., 2010b; Propping et al., 1981; Rangaswamy et al., 2002; Winterer et al., 1998), gambling addiction (Choi et al., 2013), and Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD; (Lee et al., 2014)). Researchers have consistently reported that individuals affected with DSM (III-R and IV) Alcohol Dependence (AD) show higher beta EEG (Bauer, 2001; Propping et al., 1981; Rangaswamy et al., 2002; Winterer et al., 1998). Further decomposition of the beta frequency band demonstrates that increased fast beta power (>19 Hz) is of key importance in the association of beta EEG and AUD. For example, multiple studies have reported that fast beta EEG is superior to severity of illness, depression level, and childhood conduct problems in predicting relapse in abstinent individuals with AUD (Bauer, 2001; Saletu-Zyhlarz et al.). Since elevated beta EEG is present in the offspring of alcoholics prior to the onset of risky drinking (Begleiter and Porjesz, 1999; Deckel et al., 1996; Rangaswamy