Taken together, our results suggest that pleiotropic loci appear to be distinguished by both their differential importance in neurodevelopmental processes and their heightened brain expression after the first trimester. Apart from this, however, pleiotropic loci were similar to non-pleiotropic loci across a range of other functional features, including intolerance to loss-of-function mutations, evidence of selection, minor allele frequencies, and genomic position relative to functional elements.
