For these reasons we have not computed the joint effects for physiological risk factors or air pollution. However, the combined effects of physiological risk factors are probably large, with high blood pressure the leading single risk factor globally, accounting for 9·4 million (95% UI 8·6 million to 10·1 million) deaths and 7·0% (6·2–7·7) of global DALYs in 2010, followed by high body-mass index (3·4 million [2·8 million to 4·0 million deaths] and 3·8% [3·1–4·4] of global DALYs in 2010), high fasting plasma glucose (3·4 million [2·9 million to 3·7 million] deaths and 3·6% [3·1–4·0] of DALYs), high total cholesterol (2·0 million [1·6 million to 2·5 million] deaths and 1·6% [1·3–2·0] of DALYs), and low bone mineral density (0·2 million [0·1 million to 0·2 million] deaths and 0·21% [0·17–0·25] of DALYs).
